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Overview of Shareholder
Definition of
Shareholder
What is a Shareholder? A Shareholder, also commonly known as a stockholder, is any individual, company, or institution that legally owns one or more shares of stock in a corporation. As owners of shares (representing a portion of the company's equity), shareholders are entitled to certain rights. These typically include the right to vote on major corporate matters (like electing the board of directors), receive dividends if declared by the company, and claim a share of the company's residual assets in the event of liquidation (after creditors are paid).
Activities Related to
Shareholder
Here is a list of Shareholder related activities:Â Purchasing shares of stock in a company, Attending and voting at annual shareholder meetings, Receiving dividend payments, Monitoring the company's financial performance and stock value, Selling shares of stock, Participating in shareholder activism, and Exercising other rights granted by corporate law and the company's charter (e.g., inspecting corporate records under certain conditions).
The Importance of
Shareholders
Shareholders are important because they are the ultimate owners of a corporation and provide the capital that businesses use to operate and grow. Their investments represent Shareholder Equity on the Balance Sheet. While most shareholders in large public companies do not participate in day-to-day management, they exercise influence through their voting rights and their decisions to buy, hold, or sell stock, which affects the company's market valuation. For small businesses structured as corporations, the shareholders may also be the founders and managers. Protecting shareholder interests is a primary fiduciary duty of the company's directors and officers.
Key Aspects of
Shareholder
Ownership Stake
Represents partial ownership in a corporation through the holding of shares (stock).
Voting Rights
Typically have the right to vote on major corporate decisions, such as electing directors or approving mergers.
Right to Dividends
Entitled to receive a portion of the company's profits in the form of dividends, if declared by the board of directors.
Limited Liability
Generally, a shareholder's personal liability for the corporation's debts is limited to the amount of their investment in the stock.
Concepts Related to
Shareholder
Shareholders are the owners of a corporation, and their ownership interest is represented by Shareholder Equity on the Balance Sheet. They receive Dividends from the company's profits. The term is synonymous with stockholder. This concept is central to corporate finance and governance.
Shareholder
in Action:
The Adventures of Coco and Cami
Coco and Cami decide to form a small corporation for their expanding catering business and sell shares to a friendly investor to raise capital.
Professor A explains that this investor is now a Shareholder, meaning they own a part of the business and have certain rights, like receiving a share of the profits (dividends).