Glossary of Accounting Terms

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Index of Accounting Terms - V

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Icon representing the process of determining worth
Valuation Related Terms: Appraisal, Assessment, Worth Determination What is Valuation? The process of determining the economic worth of an asset, liability, or a company.
Icon representing costs that fluctuate with activity.
Variable Costs Related Terms: Direct Costs (often variable), Unit-Level Costs What are Variable Costs? Expenses that change in total, directly proportional to changes in business activity or volume (e.g., direct materials, commissions).
Variance Analysis icon representing the comparison of planned versus actual financial performance and results
Variance Analysis Related Terms: Budgeting, Cost Control, Performance Measurement, Standard Costs, Financial Planning, Management Accounting What is Variance Analysis in accounting? Understand this process of identifying and explaining the difference between budgeted (or planned) costs/revenues and actual costs/revenues. Variance analysis is a key tool in managerial accounting for cost control, performance evaluation, and decision-making, helping businesses understand the reasons for deviations from their financial plans and improve future performance.
Icon representing investment in startups
Venture Capital Related Terms: VC, Startup Funding, Growth Capital What is Venture Capital? A type of private equity, a form of financing provided by firms or funds to small, early-stage, emerging firms that are deemed to have high growth potential.
Icon representing an investor in startups
Venture Capitalist (VC) Related Terms: VC, Startup Investor, Angel Investor (related) What is a Venture Capitalist (VC)? An investor who provides venture capital funding to early-stage companies with perceived high growth potential.
Vertical Analysis icon representing expressing financial statement line items as a percentage of a base figure for financial analysis
Vertical Analysis (Common-Size Analysis) Related Terms: Common-Size Financial Statements, Financial Statement Analysis, Horizontal Analysis (contrast), Percentage Analysis, Balance Sheet, Income Statement How does Vertical Analysis provide insights into financial statement composition? Understand this method where each line item on a financial statement is reported as a percentage of a base figure on that same statement (e.g., each asset as a percentage of total assets, or each expense as a percentage of total revenue). Also known as Common-Size Analysis, it's a key tool for understanding the relative proportions of accounts and analyzing trends over time or comparing different companies to assess financial health and performance.
Icon representing a willingly accepted legal claim
Voluntary Lien Related Terms: Consensual Lien, Mortgage, Security Interest What is a Voluntary Lien? A legal claim willingly placed on property by its owner as security for a debt, such as a mortgage.

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